Dissonance
When something does not "fit", but rubs uncomfortably against other information, it is said to be dissonant. Humans have a low tolerance for dissonant information and tend to perceive things in such a way as to remove dissonance, even if this means "seeing" what is not there - or not seeing what is! At first glance the picture (right) may seem to contain three rectangular shapes, a closer look reveals the problem!
Image based on idea by Oscar Reutersvard